Category: Basic Foundations
Nouns
Learn about nouns - words that name people, places, things, and ideas.
What is a Noun?
A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns are one of the most important parts of speech.
Types of Nouns
1. Common Nouns
General names (not capitalized):
- boy, girl, city, country, book, car, dog, teacher
2. Proper Nouns
Specific names (always capitalized):
- John, India, New York, Monday, January, Taj Mahal
3. Countable Nouns
Can be counted (have plural forms):
- one apple → two apples, one book → three books
4. Uncountable Nouns
Cannot be counted (no plural):
- water, milk, rice, sugar, information, advice, money
5. Collective Nouns
Groups of people or things:
- team, family, class, herd, flock, crowd
6. Abstract Nouns
Ideas, feelings, concepts:
- love, happiness, freedom, honesty, courage
Making Plurals
| Rule | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Add -s | cat, book | cats, books |
| Add -es (s, x, ch, sh) | bus, box | buses, boxes |
| y → ies | baby, city | babies, cities |
| f/fe → ves | leaf, wife | leaves, wives |
| Irregular | man, child | men, children |
Noun Functions
- Subject: The dog barks.
- Object: I see the dog.
- Possessive: The dog's toy.